Overweight - causes, symptoms and effects. How to treat overweight?

Overweight is an increasingly common health problem that affects people in various age and social groups. Understanding the causes, symptoms and effects of overweight is crucial for effective management of its consequences and preventing further health problems. In this article, we will look in detail what overweight is, what its symptoms are, who is most exposed, and how to effectively approach it. This knowledge is important for every person striving to improve their health and quality of life.

What is overweight?

Overweight is a state in which body weight exceeds a healthy range, but does not reach the level of obesity. It is defined on the basis of a body mass indicator (BMI), which is calculated by dividing body weight (in kilograms) by a square of growth (in meters). Overweight is often the first stage towards obesity, characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat. It can be the result of abnormal eating habits, lack of physical activity and genetic factors.

Symptoms of overweight - how to diagnose it?

Symptoms of overweight may include visible weight gain, which is often noticed by changes in the circumference of the waist and hips. Difficulties in performing daily activities, such as climbing stairs or walking for longer distances, are also possible. Overweight can lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and joint problems. Diagnosis of overweight is based on BMI measurement, as well as assessment of body composition and analysis of health consequences related to overweight.

Who is exposed to overweight?

The risk of overweight may increase due to many factors. People with a sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy eating habits, as well as those who have genetic predispositions are more vulnerable. Other factors include stress, hormonal disorders, as well as some diseases and drugs that can contribute to weight gain. It is important to monitor these factors and take appropriate preventive measures.

Overweight in children

Overweight in children is a growing health problem that can lead to long -term health effects. Overweight children are more exposed to the development of obesity in adult life and health problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension and joint problems. The causes of overweight in children may include an improper diet, lack of physical activity and environmental influences, such as diet in the family or access to healthy nutrition options in schools.

Treatment of overweight - how to help yourself?

Treatment of overweight usually requires a comprehensive approach, including changes in the diet, increasing physical activity and lifestyle changes. The introduction of a healthy, balanced diet, rich in fiber, protein and healthy fats, and regular exercises, can help reduce body weight. In addition, psychological support and behavioral therapy can be helpful in dealing with eating habits and emotional food. In some cases, doctors may recommend pharmacotherapy or bariatric surgery.

BMI indicator and overweight

Body mass indicator (BMI) is a key tool for assessing overweight. BMI is calculated by dividing body weight in kilograms by a square of growth in meters. The result in the range of 25 to 29.9 kg/m² is classified as overweight, while the result above 30 kg/m² indicates obesity. BMI, although it is useful for assessing the risk of overweight, has its limitations because it does not take into account the distribution of fat and muscle mass. That is why it is also important to take into account other indicators, such as waist circumference or body composition analysis.

Sources

Smith, L. (2021). Obesity and Overweight in Adults: Risk Factors and Prevention. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. Jones, M., & Brown, T. (2022). Pediatric Obesity: Causes and Treatment Options. Pediatric Clinics of North America. Williams, A., & Thompson, R. (2020). The role of diet and physical activity in managing overweight and obesity. Nutrition reviews.