Dietician
Karolina Dobrowolska-Zrałka
Anemia is a condition in which the body has no access to the number of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is equivalent to transport from the rest of the body, and its consequence may be the answer and weakness. Application for available reasons is a lack of iron, which is an essential component of hemoglobin. This supplement is to supplement the diet and use supplements that can be important to your health.
What is anemia?
Anemia, also known as anemia, is a state of pathologically reduced levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit or the number of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the blood. Hemoglobin is a disease that transports oxygen from the lungs to two carbon monoxide from the lungs. Hemoglobin deficiency reduces blood efficiency in transport, which is manifested by a number of ailments.Division of anemia
Anemia can be classified in different ways, but most often it is divided into it due to the cause of occurrence and the mechanism of pathogenesis.Iron deficiency anemia (IDA, iron deficiency anemia)
- The nearest form of anemia.
- Results from a tool containing nutrients, absorbed disorders or basic bleeding.
Megaloblastic anemia
- Caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folic acid.
- It is characterized by the occurrence of large, incorrectly developed red blood cells (megabłast) in the blood.
Aplastic anemia
- Established from the bone marrow and reduced red blood cell production.
- It can be caused by infections, toxins or is an idiopathic (unknown cause).
Hemolytic anemia
- Associated with the premature breakdown of red blood cells.
- It can be congenital (e.g. sickle anemia) or acquired (e.g. as a result of action or emergency).
Epidemiology
- Anemia is a global health problem, especially in developing countries.
- It concerns the World Health Organization (WHO), about 1.62 billion people in the world suffering from anemia, which is about 24.8% of the influence <1>. The supervisor of the group is children, pregnant women and the elderly.
What are the symptoms of anemia?
Anemia may be caused by its occurrence, but most often includes:- Fatigue and edition - deficiency of effects as a consequence after the release and extraction of freedom.
- Pallor of the skin and mucous membranes - reduced number of red blood cells, leather and mucous membranes used in the blade.
- Sufftering and short breath - The heart must work more intensively to protect oxygen, which leads to shortness of breath.
- Tachycardia (accelerated heartbeat) - as a compensatory reaction of the body to action.
- Dizziness and fainting - Reducing the brain inflow can be registered for dizziness and fainting.
- Difficulties with concentration and headaches - resulting from brain hypoxia.
- Iron deficiency anemia - nail brittleness, hair loss, dry skin, eating (cracks in the teeth of the mouth), coilonym (nails in the fridge).
- Megaloblastic anemia - neurological threat such as paresthesia (numbness) of the limbs, attack (caused disorders), as well as bright damage and damage to the tongue.
- Hemolytic anemia - jaundice (yellow skin and eye color) resulting from the decomposition of hemoglobin, splenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen).
Anemia - treatment and healthy
The treatment of anemia depends on its cause and may include various methods. In the case of nutritional deficiencies, iron supplementation is used, which can be administered orally or parish. In a megaloblastic reaction, supplementation with vitamin B12 and folic acid is needed. Erythropoietin is used to treat anemia associated with chronic diseases. In some cases, blood transfusions are necessary. Treatment of anemia often also requires basic disease therapy, such as autoimmune diseases, which can cause anemia.
Healthy habits
Healthy habits include a diet rich in iron, taking into account heine products such as red and liver meat, and non -hemine, such as legumes and spinach. It is important to avoid inhibitory inhibition of iron absorption, such as coffee, tea and dairy products consumed with iron -rich meals. Regular physical activity improves the overall condition of the body and supports metabolic transformation. Monitoring of health through regular check -ups is particularly important for people at risk.
What to eat with anemia?
Diet plays an important role in the event of anemia, especially anemia from nutritional deficiencies. Iron is a mineral element widespread for hemoglobin production, and its sources are divided into:Products rich in hein iron (better absorbed)
- Red meat (beef, pork)
- Poultry (chicken, turkey)
- Fish and seafood
- Liver
Non -Heminal iron -rich products
- Green deciduous vegetables (spinach, kale)
- Pod plants (lentils, chickpeas, beans)
- Nuts and seeds (pumpkin, sesame, sunflower)
- Whole grain (quinoa, brown rice, oats)
Other ingredients
- Vitamin C - enriches the absorption of non -Heminal iron. Good sources of pain are citruses, peppers, broccoli and strawberries.
- Folic acid - Important for the production of red blood cells. Located, among others in green deciduous, citrus vegetables, beans.
- Vitamin B12 - necessary for cells and forming red blood cells. Rich in meat, fish, eggs and dairy products.
Examples of meals
Breakfast: Porridge with blueberry fruit, nuts and citrus juice. Lunch: Kale salad, grilled chicken, chickpeas and lemon juice dressing. Dinner: Stewed liver with onions and spinach, served with Quinoa. Snacks: Hummus with carrots, apple with almonds.How to increase the level of iron in the blood?
Increasing blood level requires a change in lifestyle and diet and, in some cases, the use of additives. Here are some recommendations:Supplementation
- Nutritional additives - They may be necessary for deficiencies. They should be used according to the doctor's recommendations to eliminate such products as constipation and stomach ailments.
- Vitamin C - Absorbed, supplementation or the right amount of products rich in this vitamin is recommended.
Changes in the diet
- Adding iron -rich products: incorporating both hemine and non -hemine products in the diet.
- Avoiding consumption inhibitors: limiting the consumption of coffee, tea and dairy products near the consumption of iron -rich consumption.
- Combining products: Eating iron -rich products in an article with vitamin C to increase iron bioavailability.
Lifestyle
- Regular control tests - Monitoring of hemoglobin and Promtyna levels in checking.
- Proper sleep hygiene and rest - Important for general health and health health.
Anemia in taken population groups
Anemia in children
Children are intended for anemia due to rapid growth and iron consumption. It can be connected to the development interface, concentration problems and pale skin. In this case, it is important to include supplementation and ensure food in products that provide iron and health.Anemia in pregnant women
Pregnant women are required for iron due to the origin of the blood and the excretion of the fetus. Untreated anemia in pregnancy may occur due to complications such as premature birth or low birth weight of the baby. Follow-up tests and nutrient supplementation are required.Anemia in the elderly
In older people, anemia may be the result of diseases, poorly absorbed ingredients or a poor diet. Supplementation of additives according to individual needs, using a solution with care systems.Footnotes
World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). “Global prevalence of anemia in 2011.” GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. (2018). “Global, regional, and national age- and sex-specific mortality rates from 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.” The Lancet. Miller, J. L. (2013). "Iron deficiency anemia: a common and treatable disease." Cold Spring Harbor's prospects in medicine.Looking for a nutritious and filling meal?
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